A General Theory of Bare “Singular” Kind Terms
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چکیده
Background. Kinds can be derived by either the nominalization operator ∩ (Chierchia 1998) or the ι-operator (Dayal 2004). ι is only available if ∩ is undefined. It is assumed that ∩ is defined for pluralities, but not for singularities, and that the lexicalization patterns of these operators vary cross-linguistically. The resultant system predicts that if a language possesses a definite article, which encodes ι, singular kind terms must be with a definite article and cannot be bare. Brazilian Portuguese has been claimed to allow bare singular kind terms as in (1), hence a counterexample to Dayal‟s theory. However, their empirical status remains unclear (Schmitt and Munn 1999, 2002; Müller 2002; Dobrovie-Sorin and Pires de Oliveira 2008; Ionin et al. to appear).
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